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.development Normal file
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.DS_Store
examples/.DS_Store
src/.DS_Store
test/.vs
test/Debug
examples/ESP32_NoteOnOffEverySec/config.h
src/.vscode
test/x64
.development

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.gitignore vendored
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.DS_Store
examples/.DS_Store
src/.DS_Store
.vscode/settings.json
.vscode/c_cpp_properties.json

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README.md
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# Arduino-BLE-MIDI (DEPRECATED, use branch feat/2.0.0)
MIDI over Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE-MIDI) 1.0 for Arduino
# Experimental
# Arduino BLE-MIDI Transport
This library implements the BLE-MIDI transport layer for the [FortySevenEffects Arduino MIDI Library](https://github.com/FortySevenEffects/arduino_midi_library)
Call interface similar to [FortySevenEffects/MIDI](https://github.com/FortySevenEffects/arduino_midi_library) and [lathoub/AppleMIDI](https://github.com/lathoub/Arduino-AppleMIDI-Library)
## Installation
This library depends on the [Arduino MIDI Library](https://github.com/FortySevenEffects/arduino_midi_library).
Inspired by Pedalino https://github.com/alf45tar/Pedalino by alf45tar
When installing this library from the Arduino IDE, the dependency be downloaded and installed in the same directory as this library. (Thanks to the `depends` clause in `library.properties`)
# Supported devices
ESP32
When manually installing this library, you have to manually download [Arduino MIDI Library](https://github.com/FortySevenEffects/arduino_midi_library) from github and install it in the same directory as this library - without this additional install, this library will not be able to compile.
## Usage
### Basic / Default
```cpp
#include <BLE-MIDI.h>
#include <hardware/BLE-MIDI_ESP32.h>
...
BLEMIDI_CREATE_DEFAULT_ESP32_INSTANCE();
...
void setup()
{
MIDI.begin(1);
...
void loop()
{
MIDI.read();
```
will create a instance named `bleMIDI` and listens to incoming MIDI on channel 1.
## Tested boards/modules
- ESP32
## Other Transport protocols:
The libraries below the same calling mechanism (API), making it easy to interchange the transport layer.
- [Arduino AppleMIDI Transport](https://github.com/lathoub/Arduino-AppleMIDI-Library)
- [Arduino USB-MIDI Transport](https://github.com/lathoub/USB-MIDI)
- [Arduino ipMIDI Transport](https://github.com/lathoub/Arduino-ipMIDI)

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examples/Esp32_NoteOnOffEverySec/Esp32_NoteOnOffEverySec.ino
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#include "BleMidi.h"
BLEMIDI_CREATE_INSTANCE(bm);
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void setup()
{
// Serial communications and wait for port to open:
Serial.begin(115200);
while (!Serial) {
; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for Leonardo only
}
bm.begin("hehe");
bm.onConnected(OnBleMidiConnected);
bm.onDisconnected(OnBleMidiDisconnected);
bm.setHandleNoteOn(OnBleMidiNoteOn);
bm.setHandleNoteOff(OnBleMidiNoteOff);
Serial.println(F("looping"));
}
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void loop()
{
bm.sendNoteOn(60, 127, 1); // note 60, velocity 127 on channel 1
bm.sendNoteOff(60, 127, 1);
delay(1000);
}
// ====================================================================================
// Event handlers for incoming MIDI messages
// ====================================================================================
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// rtpMIDI session. Device connected
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void OnBleMidiConnected() {
Serial.println(F("Connected"));
}
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// rtpMIDI session. Device disconnected
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void OnBleMidiDisconnected() {
Serial.println(F("Disconnected"));
}
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// received note on
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void OnBleMidiNoteOn(byte channel, byte note, byte velocity) {
Serial.print(F("Incoming NoteOn from channel:"));
Serial.print(channel);
Serial.print(F(" note:"));
Serial.print(note);
Serial.print(F(" velocity:"));
Serial.print(velocity);
Serial.println();
}
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// received note off
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void OnBleMidiNoteOff(byte channel, byte note, byte velocity) {
Serial.print(F("Incoming NoteOff from channel:"));
Serial.print(channel);
Serial.print(F(" note:"));
Serial.print(note);
Serial.print(F(" velocity:"));
Serial.print(velocity);
Serial.println();
}

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#include <BLE-MIDI.h>
#include <hardware/BLEMIDI_ESP32_NimBLE.h>
//#include <hardware/BLEMIDI_ESP32.h>
//#include <hardware/BLEMIDI_nRF52.h>
//#include <hardware/BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE.h>
BLEMIDI_CREATE_DEFAULT_INSTANCE()
unsigned long t0 = millis();
bool isConnected = false;
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void setup()
{
MIDI.begin();
pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
BLEMIDI.setHandleConnected(OnConnected);
BLEMIDI.setHandleDisconnected(OnDisconnected);
MIDI.setHandleNoteOn(OnNoteOn);
MIDI.setHandleNoteOff(OnNoteOff);
}
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void loop()
{
MIDI.read();
if (isConnected && (millis() - t0) > 1000)
{
t0 = millis();
MIDI.sendNoteOn (60, 100, 1); // note 60, velocity 127 on channel 1
}
}
// ====================================================================================
// Event handlers for incoming MIDI messages
// ====================================================================================
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Device connected
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void OnConnected() {
isConnected = true;
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);
}
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Device disconnected
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void OnDisconnected() {
isConnected = false;
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);
}
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Received note on
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void OnNoteOn(byte channel, byte note, byte velocity) {
}
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Received note off
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
void OnNoteOff(byte channel, byte note, byte velocity) {
}

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keywords.txt
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#######################################
# Syntax Coloring Map for AppleMIDI
# Syntax Coloring Map for BLEMIDI
#######################################
#######################################
# Datatypes (KEYWORD1)
#######################################
BLEMIDI KEYWORD1
BLEMIDI.h KEYWORD1
BLE-MIDI.h KEYWORD1
BLEMIDI KEYWORD1
#######################################
# Methods and Functions (KEYWORD2)
@ -40,10 +40,11 @@ tick KEYWORD2
#######################################
# Instances (KEYWORD3)
#######################################
BLEMIDI KEYWORD3
#######################################
# Constants (LITERAL1)
#######################################
# Namespace, considering it as a literal
blemidi LITERAL1
BLEMIDI LITERAL1

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library.properties
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name=BLE-MIDI
version=0.0.1
version=2.1.0
author=lathoub
maintainer=lathoub <lathoub@gmail.com>
sentence=BLE-MIDI I/Os for Arduino
paragraph=MIDI over Bluetooth Low Energy
paragraph=MIDI over Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE-MIDI) 1.0 for Arduino
category=Communication
url=https://github.com/lathoub/Arduino-BLE-MIDI
architectures=*
includes=BLEMIDI.h
architectures=esp32,samd,megaavr,mbed,nrf52
includes=BLE-MIDI.h
depends=MIDI Library, NimBLE-Arduino, ArduinoBLE

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#include "BLE-MIDI.h"

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/*!
* @file BLEMIDI.h
*/
#pragma once
#include <MIDI.h>
using namespace MIDI_NAMESPACE;
#include "BLE-MIDI_Settings.h"
#include "BLE-MIDI_Defs.h"
#include "BLE-MIDI_Namespace.h"
BEGIN_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE
template<class T, class _Settings = DefaultSettings>
class BLEMIDITransport
{
typedef _Settings Settings;
private:
byte mRxBuffer[Settings::MaxBufferSize];
unsigned mRxIndex = 0;
byte mTxBuffer[Settings::MaxBufferSize];
unsigned mTxIndex = 0;
char mDeviceName[24];
private:
T mBleClass;
public:
BLEMIDITransport(const char* deviceName)
{
strncpy(mDeviceName, deviceName, 24);
mRxIndex = 0;
mTxIndex = 0;
}
public:
static const bool thruActivated = false;
void begin()
{
mBleClass.begin(mDeviceName, this);
}
bool beginTransmission(MidiType)
{
getMidiTimestamp(&mTxBuffer[0], &mTxBuffer[1]);
mTxIndex = 2;
return true;
}
void write(byte inData)
{
// check for size! SysEx!!!
if (false)
{
// should only happen from SysEx!
// if we approach the end of the buffer, chop-up in segments until
// we reach F7 (end of SysEx)
}
mTxBuffer[mTxIndex++] = inData;
}
void endTransmission()
{
mBleClass.write(mTxBuffer, mTxIndex);
mTxIndex = 0;
}
byte read()
{
return mRxBuffer[--mRxIndex];
}
unsigned available()
{
uint8_t byte;
auto success = mBleClass.available(&byte);
if (!success) return mRxIndex;
mRxBuffer[mRxIndex++] = byte;
return mRxIndex;
}
protected:
/*
The first byte of all BLE packets must be a header byte. This is followed by timestamp bytes and MIDI messages.
Header Byte
bit 7 Set to 1.
bit 6 Set to 0. (Reserved for future use)
bits 5-0 timestampHigh:Most significant 6 bits of timestamp information.
The header byte contains the topmost 6 bits of timing information for MIDI events in the BLE
packet. The remaining 7 bits of timing information for individual MIDI messages encoded in a
packet is expressed by timestamp bytes.
Timestamp Byte
bit 7 Set to 1.
bits 6-0 timestampLow: Least Significant 7 bits of timestamp information.
The 13-bit timestamp for the first MIDI message in a packet is calculated using 6 bits from the
header byte and 7 bits from the timestamp byte.
Timestamps are 13-bit values in milliseconds, and therefore the maximum value is 8,191 ms.
Timestamps must be issued by the sender in a monotonically increasing fashion.
timestampHigh is initially set using the lower 6 bits from the header byte while the timestampLow is
formed of the lower 7 bits from the timestamp byte. Should the timestamp value of a subsequent
MIDI message in the same packet overflow/wrap (i.e., the timestampLow is smaller than a
preceding timestampLow), the receiver is responsible for tracking this by incrementing the
timestampHigh by one (the incremented value is not transmitted, only understood as a result of the
overflow condition).
In practice, the time difference between MIDI messages in the same BLE packet should not span
more than twice the connection interval. As a result, a maximum of one overflow/wrap may occur
per BLE packet.
Timestamps are in the sender’s clock domain and are not allowed to be scheduled in the future.
Correlation between the receiver’s clock and the received timestamps must be performed to
ensure accurate rendering of MIDI messages, and is not addressed in this document.
*/
/*
Calculating a Timestamp
To calculate the timestamp, the built-in millis() is used.
The BLE standard only specifies 13 bits worth of millisecond data though,
so it’s bitwise anded with 0x1FFF for an ever repeating cycle of 13 bits.
This is done right after a MIDI message is detected. It’s split into a 6 upper bits, 7 lower bits,
and the MSB of both bytes are set to indicate that this is a header byte.
Both bytes are placed into the first two position of an array in preparation for a MIDI message.
*/
static void getMidiTimestamp (uint8_t *header, uint8_t *timestamp)
{
auto currentTimeStamp = millis() & 0x01FFF;
*header = ((currentTimeStamp >> 7) & 0x3F) | 0x80; // 6 bits plus MSB
*timestamp = (currentTimeStamp & 0x7F) | 0x80; // 7 bits plus MSB
}
static void setMidiTimestamp (uint8_t header, uint8_t *timestamp)
{
}
public:
// callbacks
void(*_connectedCallback)() = nullptr;
void(*_disconnectedCallback)() = nullptr;
public:
void setHandleConnected(void(*fptr)()) {
_connectedCallback = fptr;
}
void setHandleDisconnected(void(*fptr)()) {
_disconnectedCallback = fptr;
}
/*
The general form of a MIDI message follows:
n-byte MIDI Message
Byte 0 MIDI message Status byte, Bit 7 is Set to 1.
Bytes 1 to n-1 MIDI message Data bytes, if n > 1. Bit 7 is Set to 0
There are two types of MIDI messages that can appear in a single packet: full MIDI messages and
Running Status MIDI messages. Each is encoded differently.
A full MIDI message is simply the MIDI message with the Status byte included.
A Running Status MIDI message is a MIDI message with the Status byte omitted. Running Status
MIDI messages may only be placed in the data stream if the following criteria are met:
1. The original MIDI message is 2 bytes or greater and is not a System Common or System
Real-Time message.
2. The omitted Status byte matches the most recently preceding full MIDI message’s Status
byte within the same BLE packet.
In addition, the following rules apply with respect to Running Status:
1. A Running Status MIDI message is allowed within the packet after at least one full MIDI
message.
2. Every MIDI Status byte must be preceded by a timestamp byte. Running Status MIDI
messages may be preceded by a timestamp byte. If a Running Status MIDI message is not
preceded by a timestamp byte, the timestamp byte of the most recently preceding message
in the same packet is used.
3. System Common and System Real-Time messages do not cancel Running Status if
interspersed between Running Status MIDI messages. However, a timestamp byte must
precede the Running Status MIDI message that follows.
4. The end of a BLE packet does cancel Running Status.
In the MIDI 1.0 protocol, System Real-Time messages can be sent at any time and may be
inserted anywhere in a MIDI data stream, including between Status and Data bytes of any other
MIDI messages. In the MIDI BLE protocol, the System Real-Time messages must be deinterleaved
from other messages – except for System Exclusive messages.
*/
void receive(byte* buffer, size_t length)
{
// Pointers used to search through payload.
byte lPtr = 0;
byte rPtr = 0;
// lastStatus used to capture runningStatus
byte lastStatus;
// Decode first packet -- SHALL be "Full MIDI message"
lPtr = 2; //Start at first MIDI status -- SHALL be "MIDI status"
//While statement contains incrementing pointers and breaks when buffer size exceeded.
while (true)
{
lastStatus = buffer[lPtr];
if( (buffer[lPtr] < 0x80))
return; // Status message not present, bail
// Point to next non-data byte
rPtr = lPtr;
while( (buffer[rPtr + 1] < 0x80) && (rPtr < (length - 1)) )
rPtr++;
if (buffer[rPtr + 1] == 0xF7) rPtr++;
// look at l and r pointers and decode by size.
if( rPtr - lPtr < 1 ) {
// Time code or system
mBleClass.add(lastStatus);
} else if( rPtr - lPtr < 2 ) {
mBleClass.add(lastStatus);
mBleClass.add(buffer[lPtr + 1]);
} else if( rPtr - lPtr < 3 ) {
mBleClass.add(lastStatus);
mBleClass.add(buffer[lPtr + 1]);
mBleClass.add(buffer[lPtr + 2]);
} else {
// Too much data
// If not System Common or System Real-Time, send it as running status
switch(buffer[lPtr] & 0xF0)
{
case 0x80:
case 0x90:
case 0xA0:
case 0xB0:
case 0xE0:
for (auto i = lPtr; i < rPtr; i = i + 2)
{
mBleClass.add(lastStatus);
mBleClass.add(buffer[i + 1]);
mBleClass.add(buffer[i + 2]);
}
break;
case 0xC0:
case 0xD0:
for (auto i = lPtr; i < rPtr; i = i + 1)
{
mBleClass.add(lastStatus);
mBleClass.add(buffer[i + 1]);
}
break;
case 0xF0:
mBleClass.add(buffer[lPtr]);
for (auto i = lPtr; i < rPtr; i++)
mBleClass.add(buffer[i + 1]);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
// Point to next status
lPtr = rPtr + 2;
if(lPtr >= length)
return; //end of packet
}
}
};
END_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE
struct MySettings : public MIDI_NAMESPACE::DefaultSettings
{
static const bool Use1ByteParsing = false;
};

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#pragma once
#ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
#include <hardware/BLEMIDI_ESP32_NimBLE.h>
//#include <hardware/BLEMIDI_ESP32.h>
#endif
#include <hardware/BLEMIDI_nRF52.h>
#ifdef BLEMIDI_nRF52
#endif
#ifdef ArduinoBLE
#include <hardware/BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE.h>
#endif

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#pragma once
#include "BLE-MIDI_Namespace.h"
// As specified in
// Specification for MIDI over Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE-MIDI)
// Version 1.0a, NOvember 1, 2015
// 3. BLE Service and Characteristics Definitions
#define SERVICE_UUID "03b80e5a-ede8-4b33-a751-6ce34ec4c700"
#define CHARACTERISTIC_UUID "7772e5db-3868-4112-a1a9-f2669d106bf3"
#if ARDUINO
#include <Arduino.h>
#else
#include <inttypes.h>
typedef uint8_t byte;
#endif

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src/utility/BleMidi_Namespace.h → src/BLE-MIDI_Namespace.h
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#pragma once
#include "BLE-MIDI_Namespace.h"
BEGIN_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE
struct DefaultSettings
{
static const size_t MaxBufferSize = 64;
};
END_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE

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src/BleClient_esp32.h
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#pragma once
// Headers for ESP32 BLE
#include <BLEDevice.h>
#include <BLEUtils.h>
#include <BLEServer.h>
#include <BLE2902.h>
//#include "BLEScan.h"
#include "Arduino.h"
#include "common/midiCommon.h"
using namespace Midi;
BEGIN_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE
static bool isDataReceived = false;
static bool doScan = false;
static BLEScan* pBLEScan;
static void notifyCallback(
BLERemoteCharacteristic* pBLERemoteCharacteristic,
uint8_t* pData,
size_t length,
bool isNotify)
{
isDataReceived = true;
}
static void scanCompleteCB(BLEScanResults scanResults)
{
scanResults.dump();
if (doScan)
{
pBLEScan->start(10, scanCompleteCB);
}
}
class MyClientCallbacks;
class BleMidiInterfaceClient : public MidiCommonInterface
{
protected:
// ESP32
BLEClient * pClient;
//BLEAdvertising * _advertising;
//BLECharacteristic *_characteristic;
uint8_t _midiPacket[5]; // outgoing
public:
void * operator new(size_t size)
{
void * p = heap_caps_malloc(size, MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM);
return p;
}
// callbacks
void(*_connectedCallback)() = NULL;
void(*_disconnectedCallback)() = NULL;
char _deviceName[32];
bool _doConnect;
BLEAdvertisedDevice * _advertising;
BLERemoteService* pRemoteService;
BLERemoteCharacteristic* pRemoteCharacteristic;
bool _connected;
protected:
inline static void getMidiTimestamp (uint8_t *header, uint8_t *timestamp)
{
/*
The first byte of all BLE packets must be a header byte. This is followed by timestamp bytes and MIDI messages.
Header Byte
bit 7 Set to 1.
bit 6 Set to 0. (Reserved for future use)
bits 5-0 timestampHigh:Most significant 6 bits of timestamp information.
The header byte contains the topmost 6 bits of timing information for MIDI events in the BLE
packet. The remaining 7 bits of timing information for individual MIDI messages encoded in a
packet is expressed by timestamp bytes.
Timestamp Byte
bit 7 Set to 1.
bits 6-0 timestampLow: Least Significant 7 bits of timestamp information.
The 13-bit timestamp for the first MIDI message in a packet is calculated using 6 bits from the
header byte and 7 bits from the timestamp byte.
Timestamps are 13-bit values in milliseconds, and therefore the maximum value is 8,191 ms.
Timestamps must be issued by the sender in a monotonically increasing fashion.
timestampHigh is initially set using the lower 6 bits from the header byte while the timestampLow is
formed of the lower 7 bits from the timestamp byte. Should the timestamp value of a subsequent
MIDI message in the same packet overflow/wrap (i.e., the timestampLow is smaller than a
preceding timestampLow), the receiver is responsible for tracking this by incrementing the
timestampHigh by one (the incremented value is not transmitted, only understood as a result of the
overflow condition).
In practice, the time difference between MIDI messages in the same BLE packet should not span
more than twice the connection interval. As a result, a maximum of one overflow/wrap may occur
per BLE packet.
Timestamps are in the sender’s clock domain and are not allowed to be scheduled in the future.
Correlation between the receiver’s clock and the received timestamps must be performed to
ensure accurate rendering of MIDI messages, and is not addressed in this document.
*/
/*
Calculating a Timestamp
To calculate the timestamp, the built-in millis() is used.
The BLE standard only specifies 13 bits worth of millisecond data though,
so it’s bitwise anded with 0x1FFF for an ever repeating cycle of 13 bits.
This is done right after a MIDI message is detected. It’s split into a 6 upper bits, 7 lower bits,
and the MSB of both bytes are set to indicate that this is a header byte.
Both bytes are placed into the first two position of an array in preparation for a MIDI message.
*/
auto currentTimeStamp = millis() & 0x01FFF;
*header = ((currentTimeStamp >> 7) & 0x3F) | 0x80; // 6 bits plus MSB
*timestamp = (currentTimeStamp & 0x7F) | 0x80; // 7 bits plus MSB
}
// serialize towards hardware
void write(DataByte b1)
{
getMidiTimestamp(&_midiPacket[0], &_midiPacket[1]);
_midiPacket[2] = b1;
// TODO: quid running status
if(pRemoteCharacteristic && pRemoteCharacteristic->canWrite())
{
pRemoteCharacteristic->writeValue(_midiPacket, 3);
}
};
void write(DataByte b1, DataByte b2)
{
getMidiTimestamp(&_midiPacket[0], &_midiPacket[1]);
_midiPacket[2] = b1;
_midiPacket[3] = b2;
// TODO: quid running status
if(pRemoteCharacteristic && pRemoteCharacteristic->canWrite())
{
pRemoteCharacteristic->writeValue(_midiPacket, 4);
}
};
void write(DataByte b1, DataByte b2, DataByte b3)
{
getMidiTimestamp(&_midiPacket[0], &_midiPacket[1]);
_midiPacket[2] = b1;
_midiPacket[3] = b2;
_midiPacket[4] = b3;
// TODO: quid running status
if(pRemoteCharacteristic && pRemoteCharacteristic->canWrite())
{
pRemoteCharacteristic->writeValue(_midiPacket, 5);
}
};
bool connectToServer()
{
// Connect to the remote BLE Server.
pClient->connect(_advertising); // if you pass BLEAdvertisedDevice instead of address, it will be recognized type of peer device address (public or private)
// Obtain a reference to the service we are after in the remote BLE server.
pRemoteService = pClient->getService(BLEUUID(SERVICE_UUID));
if (pRemoteService == nullptr)
{
pClient->disconnect();
return false;
}
// Obtain a reference to the characteristic in the service of the remote BLE server.
pRemoteCharacteristic = pRemoteService->getCharacteristic(BLEUUID(CHARACTERISTIC_UUID));
if (pRemoteCharacteristic == nullptr)
{
pClient->disconnect();
return false;
}
return true;
};
public:
BleMidiInterfaceClient()
{
}
~BleMidiInterfaceClient()
{
}
// TODO why must these functions be inline??
inline bool begin(const char* deviceName);
inline void read()
{
// If the flag "doConnect" is true then we have scanned for and found the desired
// BLE Server with which we wish to connect. Now we connect to it. Once we are
// connected we set the connected flag to be true.
if (_doConnect == true)
{
if (connectToServer())
{
// ("We are now connected to the BLE Server.");
if (nullptr != pRemoteCharacteristic)
{
pRemoteCharacteristic->registerForNotify(notifyCallback);
}
}
else
{
// ("We have failed to connect to the server; there is nothin more we will do.");
doScan = true;
pBLEScan->start(10, scanCompleteCB);
}
_doConnect = false;
}
if (false == _connected)
{
return;
}
if (nullptr == pRemoteCharacteristic)
{
return;
}
// Read the value of the characteristic.
//if(pRemoteCharacteristic->canRead())
if (isDataReceived)
{
std::string rxValue = pRemoteCharacteristic->readValue();
if (rxValue.length() > 0)
{
this->receive((uint8_t *)(rxValue.c_str()), rxValue.length());
}
isDataReceived = false;
}
}
inline void sendMIDI(StatusByte, DataByte data1 = 0, DataByte data2 = 0);
inline void receive(uint8_t *buffer, uint8_t bufferSize);
void onConnected(void(*fptr)())
{
_connectedCallback = fptr;
}
void onDisconnected(void(*fptr)())
{
_disconnectedCallback = fptr;
}
};
class MyClientCallbacks: public BLEClientCallbacks {
public:
MyClientCallbacks(BleMidiInterfaceClient* BleMidiInterfaceClient) {
_BleMidiInterfaceClient = BleMidiInterfaceClient;
}
protected:
BleMidiInterfaceClient* _BleMidiInterfaceClient;
void onConnect(BLEClient* client)
{
if (_BleMidiInterfaceClient->_connectedCallback)
{
_BleMidiInterfaceClient->_connectedCallback();
}
_BleMidiInterfaceClient->_connected = true;
};
void onDisconnect(BLEClient* client)
{
if (_BleMidiInterfaceClient->_disconnectedCallback)
{
_BleMidiInterfaceClient->_disconnectedCallback();
}
_BleMidiInterfaceClient->_doConnect = false;
_BleMidiInterfaceClient->pRemoteService = nullptr;
_BleMidiInterfaceClient->pRemoteCharacteristic = nullptr;
doScan = true;
pBLEScan->start(10, scanCompleteCB);
}
};
class MyAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks: public BLEAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks {
/**
* Called for each advertising BLE server.
*/
public:
MyAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks(BleMidiInterfaceClient* BleMidiInterfaceClient) : BLEAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks()
{
_BleMidiInterfaceClient = BleMidiInterfaceClient;
}
void onResult(BLEAdvertisedDevice advertisedDevice) {
if (strstr(advertisedDevice.toString().c_str(), _BleMidiInterfaceClient->_deviceName) == NULL)
{
// Check that the device matches our host name
return;
}
// We have found a device, let us now see if it contains the service we are looking for.
if (advertisedDevice.haveServiceUUID() && advertisedDevice.isAdvertisingService(BLEUUID(SERVICE_UUID)))
{
BLEDevice::getScan()->stop();
_BleMidiInterfaceClient->_advertising = new BLEAdvertisedDevice(advertisedDevice);
_BleMidiInterfaceClient->_doConnect = true;
doScan = false;
} // Found our server
} // onResult
protected:
BleMidiInterfaceClient* _BleMidiInterfaceClient;
}; // MyAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks
bool BleMidiInterfaceClient::begin(const char* deviceName)
{
BLEDevice::init(deviceName);
strncpy(_deviceName, deviceName, 32);
pClient = BLEDevice::createClient();
pClient->setClientCallbacks(new MyClientCallbacks(this));
// Retrieve a Scanner and set the callback we want to use to be informed when we
// have detected a new device. Specify that we want active scanning and start the
// scan to run for 5 seconds.
pBLEScan = BLEDevice::getScan();
pBLEScan->setAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks(new MyAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks(this));
pBLEScan->setInterval(1349);
pBLEScan->setWindow(449);
pBLEScan->setActiveScan(true);
doScan = true;
pBLEScan->start(10, scanCompleteCB);
return true;
}
void BleMidiInterfaceClient::sendMIDI(StatusByte status, DataByte data1, DataByte data2)
{
MidiType type = getTypeFromStatusByte(status);
Channel channel = getChannelFromStatusByte(status);
switch (type) {
case NoteOff:
if (_noteOffCallback) _noteOffCallback(channel, data1, data2);
break;
case NoteOn:
if (_noteOnCallback) _noteOnCallback(channel, data1, data2);
break;
case AfterTouchPoly:
if (_afterTouchPolyCallback) _afterTouchPolyCallback(channel, data1, data2);
break;
case ControlChange:
if (_controlChangeCallback) _controlChangeCallback(channel, data1, data2);
break;
case ProgramChange:
if (_programChangeCallback) _programChangeCallback(channel, data1);
break;
case AfterTouchChannel:
if (_afterTouchChannelCallback) _afterTouchChannelCallback(channel, data1);
break;
case PitchBend:
if (_pitchBendCallback) {
int value = (int) ((data1 & 0x7f) | ((data2 & 0x7f) << 7)) + MIDI_PITCHBEND_MIN;
_pitchBendCallback(channel, value);
}
break;
case SystemExclusive:
break;
case TimeCodeQuarterFrame:
if (_timeCodeQuarterFrameCallback) _timeCodeQuarterFrameCallback(data1);
break;
case SongPosition:
if (_songPositionCallback) {
unsigned short value = unsigned((data1 & 0x7f) | ((data2 & 0x7f) << 7));
_songPositionCallback(value);
}
break;
case SongSelect:
if (_songSelectCallback) _songSelectCallback(data1);
break;
case TuneRequest:
if (_tuneRequestCallback) _tuneRequestCallback();
break;
case Clock:
if (_clockCallback) _clockCallback();
break;
case Tick:
break;
case Start:
if (_startCallback) _startCallback();
break;
case Continue:
if (_continueCallback) _continueCallback();
break;
case Stop:
if (_stopCallback) _stopCallback();
break;
case ActiveSensing:
if (_activeSensingCallback) _activeSensingCallback();
break;
case SystemReset:
if (_resetCallback) _resetCallback();
break;
}
}
void BleMidiInterfaceClient::receive(uint8_t *buffer, uint8_t bufferSize)
{
/*
The general form of a MIDI message follows:
n-byte MIDI Message
Byte 0 MIDI message Status byte, Bit 7 is Set to 1.
Bytes 1 to n-1 MIDI message Data bytes, if n > 1. Bit 7 is Set to 0
There are two types of MIDI messages that can appear in a single packet: full MIDI messages and
Running Status MIDI messages. Each is encoded differently.
A full MIDI message is simply the MIDI message with the Status byte included.
A Running Status MIDI message is a MIDI message with the Status byte omitted. Running Status
MIDI messages may only be placed in the data stream if the following criteria are met:
1. The original MIDI message is 2 bytes or greater and is not a System Common or System
Real-Time message.
2. The omitted Status byte matches the most recently preceding full MIDI message’s Status
byte within the same BLE packet.
In addition, the following rules apply with respect to Running Status:
1. A Running Status MIDI message is allowed within the packet after at least one full MIDI
message.
2. Every MIDI Status byte must be preceded by a timestamp byte. Running Status MIDI
messages may be preceded by a timestamp byte. If a Running Status MIDI message is not
preceded by a timestamp byte, the timestamp byte of the most recently preceding message
in the same packet is used.
3. System Common and System Real-Time messages do not cancel Running Status if
interspersed between Running Status MIDI messages. However, a timestamp byte must
precede the Running Status MIDI message that follows.
4. The end of a BLE packet does cancel Running Status.
In the MIDI 1.0 protocol, System Real-Time messages can be sent at any time and may be
inserted anywhere in a MIDI data stream, including between Status and Data bytes of any other
MIDI messages. In the MIDI BLE protocol, the System Real-Time messages must be deinterleaved
from other messages – except for System Exclusive messages.
*/
//Pointers used to search through payload.
uint8_t lPtr = 0;
uint8_t rPtr = 0;
//lastStatus used to capture runningStatus
uint8_t lastStatus;
//Decode first packet -- SHALL be "Full MIDI message"
lPtr = 2; //Start at first MIDI status -- SHALL be "MIDI status"
//While statement contains incrementing pointers and breaks when buffer size exceeded.
while(1){
lastStatus = buffer[lPtr];
if( (buffer[lPtr] < 0x80) ){
//Status message not present, bail
return;
}
//Point to next non-data byte
rPtr = lPtr;
while( (buffer[rPtr + 1] < 0x80)&&(rPtr < (bufferSize - 1)) ){
rPtr++;
}
//look at l and r pointers and decode by size.
if( rPtr - lPtr < 1 ){
//Time code or system
sendMIDI(lastStatus);
} else if( rPtr - lPtr < 2 ) {
sendMIDI(lastStatus, buffer[lPtr + 1]);
} else if( rPtr - lPtr < 3 ) {
sendMIDI(lastStatus, buffer[lPtr + 1], buffer[lPtr + 2]);
} else {
//Too much data
//If not System Common or System Real-Time, send it as running status
switch( buffer[lPtr] & 0xF0 )
{
case NoteOff:
case NoteOn:
case AfterTouchPoly:
case ControlChange:
case PitchBend:
for(int i = lPtr; i < rPtr; i = i + 2)
sendMIDI(lastStatus, buffer[i + 1], buffer[i + 2]);
break;
case ProgramChange:
case AfterTouchChannel:
for(int i = lPtr; i < rPtr; i = i + 1)
sendMIDI(lastStatus, buffer[i + 1]);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
//Point to next status
lPtr = rPtr + 2;
if(lPtr >= bufferSize){
//end of packet
return;
}
}
}
END_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE

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src/BleMidi.cpp
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#include "BleMidi.h"

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src/BleMidi.h
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/*!
* @file BleMidi.h
*/
#pragma once
#include "utility/BleMidi_Settings.h"
#include "utility/BleMidi_Defs.h"
#define SERVICE_UUID "03b80e5a-ede8-4b33-a751-6ce34ec4c700"
#define CHARACTERISTIC_UUID "7772e5db-3868-4112-a1a9-f2669d106bf3"
#if defined(ESP32)
#include "Ble_esp32.h"
#include "BleClient_esp32.h"
#endif

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src/Ble_esp32.h
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#pragma once
// Headers for ESP32 BLE
#include <BLEDevice.h>
#include <BLEUtils.h>
#include <BLEServer.h>
#include <BLE2902.h>
#include "common/midiCommon.h"
using namespace Midi;
BEGIN_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE
class BleMidiInterface : public MidiCommonInterface
{
protected:
// ESP32
BLEServer * _server;
BLEAdvertising * _advertising;
BLECharacteristic *_characteristic;
bool _connected;
uint8_t _midiPacket[5]; // outgoing
public:
// callbacks
void(*_connectedCallback)() = NULL;
void(*_disconnectedCallback)() = NULL;
protected:
inline static void getMidiTimestamp (uint8_t *header, uint8_t *timestamp)
{
/*
The first byte of all BLE packets must be a header byte. This is followed by timestamp bytes and MIDI messages.
Header Byte
bit 7 Set to 1.
bit 6 Set to 0. (Reserved for future use)
bits 5-0 timestampHigh:Most significant 6 bits of timestamp information.
The header byte contains the topmost 6 bits of timing information for MIDI events in the BLE
packet. The remaining 7 bits of timing information for individual MIDI messages encoded in a
packet is expressed by timestamp bytes.
Timestamp Byte
bit 7 Set to 1.
bits 6-0 timestampLow: Least Significant 7 bits of timestamp information.
The 13-bit timestamp for the first MIDI message in a packet is calculated using 6 bits from the
header byte and 7 bits from the timestamp byte.
Timestamps are 13-bit values in milliseconds, and therefore the maximum value is 8,191 ms.
Timestamps must be issued by the sender in a monotonically increasing fashion.
timestampHigh is initially set using the lower 6 bits from the header byte while the timestampLow is
formed of the lower 7 bits from the timestamp byte. Should the timestamp value of a subsequent
MIDI message in the same packet overflow/wrap (i.e., the timestampLow is smaller than a
preceding timestampLow), the receiver is responsible for tracking this by incrementing the
timestampHigh by one (the incremented value is not transmitted, only understood as a result of the
overflow condition).
In practice, the time difference between MIDI messages in the same BLE packet should not span
more than twice the connection interval. As a result, a maximum of one overflow/wrap may occur
per BLE packet.
Timestamps are in the sender’s clock domain and are not allowed to be scheduled in the future.
Correlation between the receiver’s clock and the received timestamps must be performed to
ensure accurate rendering of MIDI messages, and is not addressed in this document.
*/
/*
Calculating a Timestamp
To calculate the timestamp, the built-in millis() is used.
The BLE standard only specifies 13 bits worth of millisecond data though,
so it’s bitwise anded with 0x1FFF for an ever repeating cycle of 13 bits.
This is done right after a MIDI message is detected. It’s split into a 6 upper bits, 7 lower bits,
and the MSB of both bytes are set to indicate that this is a header byte.
Both bytes are placed into the first two position of an array in preparation for a MIDI message.
*/
auto currentTimeStamp = millis() & 0x01FFF;
*header = ((currentTimeStamp >> 7) & 0x3F) | 0x80; // 6 bits plus MSB
*timestamp = (currentTimeStamp & 0x7F) | 0x80; // 7 bits plus MSB
}
// serialize towards hardware
void write(DataByte b1)
{
getMidiTimestamp(&_midiPacket[0], &_midiPacket[1]);
_midiPacket[2] = b1;
// TODO: quid running status
_characteristic->setValue(_midiPacket, 3);
_characteristic->notify();
};
void write(DataByte b1, DataByte b2)
{
getMidiTimestamp(&_midiPacket[0], &_midiPacket[1]);
_midiPacket[2] = b1;
_midiPacket[3] = b2;
// TODO: quid running status
_characteristic->setValue(_midiPacket, 4);
_characteristic->notify();
};
void write(DataByte b1, DataByte b2, DataByte b3)
{
getMidiTimestamp(&_midiPacket[0], &_midiPacket[1]);
_midiPacket[2] = b1;
_midiPacket[3] = b2;
_midiPacket[4] = b3;
// TODO: quid running status
_characteristic->setValue(_midiPacket, 5);
_characteristic->notify();
};
public:
BleMidiInterface()
{
}
~BleMidiInterface()
{
}
// TODO why must these functions be inline??
inline bool begin(const char* deviceName);
inline void read()
{
// n/a no need to call read() in loop, as incoming data comes in async via onWrite
}
inline void sendMIDI(StatusByte, DataByte data1 = 0, DataByte data2 = 0);
inline void receive(uint8_t *buffer, uint8_t bufferSize);
void onConnected(void(*fptr)()) {
_connected = true;
_connectedCallback = fptr;
}
void onDisconnected(void(*fptr)()) {
_connected = false;
_disconnectedCallback = fptr;
}
};
class MyServerCallbacks: public BLEServerCallbacks {
public:
MyServerCallbacks(BleMidiInterface* bleMidiInterface) {
_bleMidiInterface = bleMidiInterface;
}
protected:
BleMidiInterface* _bleMidiInterface;
void onConnect(BLEServer* server) {
if (_bleMidiInterface->_connectedCallback)
_bleMidiInterface->_connectedCallback();
};
void onDisconnect(BLEServer* server) {
if (_bleMidiInterface->_disconnectedCallback)
_bleMidiInterface->_disconnectedCallback();
}
};
class MyCharacteristicCallbacks: public BLECharacteristicCallbacks {
public:
MyCharacteristicCallbacks(BleMidiInterface* bleMidiInterface) {
_bleMidiInterface = bleMidiInterface;
}
protected:
BleMidiInterface* _bleMidiInterface;
void onWrite(BLECharacteristic * characteristic) {
std::string rxValue = characteristic->getValue();
if (rxValue.length() > 0) {
_bleMidiInterface->receive((uint8_t *)(rxValue.c_str()), rxValue.length());
}
}
};
bool BleMidiInterface::begin(const char* deviceName)
{
BLEDevice::init(deviceName);
_server = BLEDevice::createServer();
_server->setCallbacks(new MyServerCallbacks(this));
// Create the BLE Service
auto service = _server->createService(BLEUUID(SERVICE_UUID));
// Create a BLE Characteristic
_characteristic = service->createCharacteristic(
BLEUUID(CHARACTERISTIC_UUID),
BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_READ |
BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_WRITE |
BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_NOTIFY |
BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_WRITE_NR
);
// Add CCCD 0x2902 to allow notify
_characteristic->addDescriptor(new BLE2902());
_characteristic->setCallbacks(new MyCharacteristicCallbacks(this));
// Start the service
service->start();
auto advertisementData = BLEAdvertisementData();
advertisementData.setFlags(0x04);
advertisementData.setCompleteServices(BLEUUID(SERVICE_UUID));
advertisementData.setName(deviceName);
// Start advertising
_advertising = _server->getAdvertising();
_advertising->setAdvertisementData(advertisementData);
_advertising->start();
return true;
}
void BleMidiInterface::sendMIDI(StatusByte status, DataByte data1, DataByte data2)
{
MidiType type = getTypeFromStatusByte(status);
Channel channel = getChannelFromStatusByte(status);
switch (type) {
case NoteOff:
if (_noteOffCallback) _noteOffCallback(channel, data1, data2);
break;
case NoteOn:
if (_noteOnCallback) _noteOnCallback(channel, data1, data2);
break;
case AfterTouchPoly:
if (_afterTouchPolyCallback) _afterTouchPolyCallback(channel, data1, data2);
break;
case ControlChange:
if (_controlChangeCallback) _controlChangeCallback(channel, data1, data2);
break;
case ProgramChange:
if (_programChangeCallback) _programChangeCallback(channel, data1);
break;
case AfterTouchChannel:
if (_afterTouchChannelCallback) _afterTouchChannelCallback(channel, data1);
break;
case PitchBend:
if (_pitchBendCallback) {
int value = (int) ((data1 & 0x7f) | ((data2 & 0x7f) << 7)) + MIDI_PITCHBEND_MIN;
_pitchBendCallback(channel, value);
}
break;
case SystemExclusive:
break;
case TimeCodeQuarterFrame:
if (_timeCodeQuarterFrameCallback) _timeCodeQuarterFrameCallback(data1);
break;
case SongPosition:
if (_songPositionCallback) {
unsigned short value = unsigned((data1 & 0x7f) | ((data2 & 0x7f) << 7));
_songPositionCallback(value);
}
break;
case SongSelect:
if (_songSelectCallback) _songSelectCallback(data1);
break;
case TuneRequest:
if (_tuneRequestCallback) _tuneRequestCallback();
break;
case Clock:
if (_clockCallback) _clockCallback();
break;
case Tick:
break;
case Start:
if (_startCallback) _startCallback();
break;
case Continue:
if (_continueCallback) _continueCallback();
break;
case Stop:
if (_stopCallback) _stopCallback();
break;
case ActiveSensing:
if (_activeSensingCallback) _activeSensingCallback();
break;
case SystemReset:
if (_resetCallback) _resetCallback();
break;
}
}
void BleMidiInterface::receive(uint8_t *buffer, uint8_t bufferSize)
{
/*
The general form of a MIDI message follows:
n-byte MIDI Message
Byte 0 MIDI message Status byte, Bit 7 is Set to 1.
Bytes 1 to n-1 MIDI message Data bytes, if n > 1. Bit 7 is Set to 0
There are two types of MIDI messages that can appear in a single packet: full MIDI messages and
Running Status MIDI messages. Each is encoded differently.
A full MIDI message is simply the MIDI message with the Status byte included.
A Running Status MIDI message is a MIDI message with the Status byte omitted. Running Status
MIDI messages may only be placed in the data stream if the following criteria are met:
1. The original MIDI message is 2 bytes or greater and is not a System Common or System
Real-Time message.
2. The omitted Status byte matches the most recently preceding full MIDI message’s Status
byte within the same BLE packet.
In addition, the following rules apply with respect to Running Status:
1. A Running Status MIDI message is allowed within the packet after at least one full MIDI
message.
2. Every MIDI Status byte must be preceded by a timestamp byte. Running Status MIDI
messages may be preceded by a timestamp byte. If a Running Status MIDI message is not
preceded by a timestamp byte, the timestamp byte of the most recently preceding message
in the same packet is used.
3. System Common and System Real-Time messages do not cancel Running Status if
interspersed between Running Status MIDI messages. However, a timestamp byte must
precede the Running Status MIDI message that follows.
4. The end of a BLE packet does cancel Running Status.
In the MIDI 1.0 protocol, System Real-Time messages can be sent at any time and may be
inserted anywhere in a MIDI data stream, including between Status and Data bytes of any other
MIDI messages. In the MIDI BLE protocol, the System Real-Time messages must be deinterleaved
from other messages – except for System Exclusive messages.
*/
//Pointers used to search through payload.
uint8_t lPtr = 0;
uint8_t rPtr = 0;
//lastStatus used to capture runningStatus
uint8_t lastStatus;
//Decode first packet -- SHALL be "Full MIDI message"
lPtr = 2; //Start at first MIDI status -- SHALL be "MIDI status"
//While statement contains incrementing pointers and breaks when buffer size exceeded.
while(1){
lastStatus = buffer[lPtr];
if( (buffer[lPtr] < 0x80) ){
//Status message not present, bail
return;
}
//Point to next non-data byte
rPtr = lPtr;
while( (buffer[rPtr + 1] < 0x80)&&(rPtr < (bufferSize - 1)) ){
rPtr++;
}
//look at l and r pointers and decode by size.
if( rPtr - lPtr < 1 ){
//Time code or system
sendMIDI(lastStatus);
} else if( rPtr - lPtr < 2 ) {
sendMIDI(lastStatus, buffer[lPtr + 1]);
} else if( rPtr - lPtr < 3 ) {
sendMIDI(lastStatus, buffer[lPtr + 1], buffer[lPtr + 2]);
} else {
//Too much data
//If not System Common or System Real-Time, send it as running status
switch( buffer[lPtr] & 0xF0 )
{
case NoteOff:
case NoteOn:
case AfterTouchPoly:
case ControlChange:
case PitchBend:
for(int i = lPtr; i < rPtr; i = i + 2)
sendMIDI(lastStatus, buffer[i + 1], buffer[i + 2]);
break;
case ProgramChange:
case AfterTouchChannel:
for(int i = lPtr; i < rPtr; i = i + 1)
sendMIDI(lastStatus, buffer[i + 1]);
break;
default:
break;
}
}
//Point to next status
lPtr = rPtr + 2;
if(lPtr >= bufferSize){
//end of packet
return;
}
}
}
END_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE

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src/common

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Subproject commit 8f745084c39e6016f0ea7afad95973342c6f7e0e

95
src/hardware/BLE-MIDI_Client_ESP32.h Normal file
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#pragma once
// Headers for ESP32 BLE
#include <BLEDevice.h>
#include <BLEUtils.h>
#include <BLEServer.h>
#include <BLE2902.h>
BEGIN_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE
class BLEMIDI_Client_ESP32
{
private:
BLEClient* _client = nullptr;
BLEMIDI<class BLEMIDI_Client_ESP32>* _bleMidiTransport = nullptr;
public:
BLEMIDI_Client_ESP32()
{
}
bool begin(const char*, BLEMIDI<class BLEMIDI_Client_ESP32>*);
void write(uint8_t* data, uint8_t length)
{
_characteristic->setValue(data, length);
_characteristic->notify();
}
void receive(uint8_t* buffer, size_t length)
{
// Post the items to the back of the queue
// (drop the first 2 items)
for (size_t i = 2; i < length; i++)
xQueueSend(_bleMidiTransport->mRxQueue, &buffer[i], portMAX_DELAY);
}
void connected()
{
if (_bleMidiTransport->_connectedCallback)
_bleMidiTransport->_connectedCallback();
}
void disconnected()
{
if (_bleMidiTransport->_disconnectedCallback)
_bleMidiTransport->_disconnectedCallback();
}
};
class MyClientCallbacks: public BLEClientCallbacks {
public:
MyClientCallbacks(BLEMIDI_Client_ESP32* bluetoothEsp32)
: _bluetoothEsp32(bluetoothEsp32) {
}
protected:
BLEMIDI_Client_ESP32* _bluetoothEsp32 = nullptr;
void onConnect(BLEClient*) {
if (_bluetoothEsp32)
_bluetoothEsp32->connected();
};
void onDisconnect(BLEClient*) {
if (_bluetoothEsp32)
_bluetoothEsp32->disconnected();
}
};
bool BLEMIDI_Client_ESP32::begin(const char* deviceName, BLEMIDI<class BLEMIDI_ESP32>* bleMidiTransport)
{
_bleMidiTransport = bleMidiTransport;
BLEDevice::init(deviceName);
_client = BLEDevice::createClient();
_client->setCallbacks(new MyClientCallbacks(this));
// Retrieve a Scanner and set the callback we want to use to be informed when we
// have detected a new device. Specify that we want active scanning and start the
// scan to run for 5 seconds.
pBLEScan = BLEDevice::getScan();
pBLEScan->setAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks(new MyAdvertisedDeviceCallbacks(this));
pBLEScan->setInterval(1349);
pBLEScan->setWindow(449);
pBLEScan->setActiveScan(true);
doScan = true;
pBLEScan->start(10, scanCompleteCB);
return true;
}
END_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE

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src/hardware/BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE.h Normal file
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#pragma once
#include <ArduinoBLE.h>
BLEService midiService(SERVICE_UUID);
BLEStringCharacteristic midiChar(CHARACTERISTIC_UUID, // standard 16-bit characteristic UUID
BLERead | BLEWrite | BLENotify | BLEWriteWithoutResponse, 16); // remote clients will be able to get notifications if this characteristic changes
#define BLE_POLLING
BEGIN_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE
template<typename T, int rawSize>
class Fifo {
public:
const size_t size; //speculative feature, in case it's needed
Fifo(): size(rawSize)
{
flush();
}
T dequeue()
{
numberOfElements--;
nextOut %= size;
return raw[ nextOut++];
};
bool enqueue( T element )
{
if ( count() >= rawSize )
return false;
numberOfElements++;
nextIn %= size;
raw[nextIn] = element;
nextIn++; //advance to next index
return true;
};
T peek() const
{
return raw[ nextOut % size];
}
void flush()
{
nextIn = nextOut = numberOfElements = 0;
}
// how many elements are currently in the FIFO?
size_t count() { return numberOfElements; }
private:
size_t numberOfElements;
size_t nextIn;
size_t nextOut;
T raw[rawSize];
};
class BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE
{
private:
static BLEMIDITransport<class BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE>* _bleMidiTransport;
static BLEDevice* _central;
Fifo<byte, 64> mRxBuffer;
public:
BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE()
{
}
bool begin(const char*, BLEMIDITransport<class BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE>*);
void write(uint8_t* buffer, size_t length)
{
// TODO: test length
((BLECharacteristic)midiChar).writeValue(buffer, length);
}
bool available(byte* pvBuffer)
{
#ifdef BLE_POLLING
if (mRxBuffer.count() > 0) {
*pvBuffer = mRxBuffer.dequeue();
return true;
}
poll();
if (midiChar.written()) {
// auto buffer = midiChar.value();
auto length = midiChar.valueLength();
if (length > 0) {
auto buffer = midiChar.value().c_str();
_bleMidiTransport->receive((byte*)buffer, length);
}
}
return false;
#endif
#ifdef BLE_EVENTS
/ BLE.poll();
return ; // ??
#endif
}
void add(byte value)
{
// called from BLE-MIDI, to add it to a buffer here
mRxBuffer.enqueue(value);
}
protected:
static void receive(const unsigned char* buffer, size_t length)
{
// forward the buffer so it can be parsed
_bleMidiTransport->receive((uint8_t*)buffer, length);
}
bool poll()
{
BLEDevice central = BLE.central();
if (!central) {
if (_central) {
BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE::blePeripheralDisconnectHandler(*_central);
_central = nullptr;
}
return false;
}
if (!central.connected()) {
return false;
}
if (nullptr == _central) {
BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE::blePeripheralConnectHandler(central);
_central = &central;
}
else {
if (*_central != central) {
BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE::blePeripheralDisconnectHandler(*_central);
BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE::blePeripheralConnectHandler(central);
_central = &central;
}
}
return true;
}
static void blePeripheralConnectHandler(BLEDevice central)
{
_central = &central;
if (_bleMidiTransport->_connectedCallback)
_bleMidiTransport->_connectedCallback();
}
static void blePeripheralDisconnectHandler(BLEDevice central)
{
if (_bleMidiTransport->_disconnectedCallback)
_bleMidiTransport->_disconnectedCallback();
_central = nullptr;
}
static void characteristicWritten(BLEDevice central, BLECharacteristic characteristic) {
auto buffer = characteristic.value();
auto length = characteristic.valueLength();
if (length > 0)
receive(buffer, length);
}
};
BLEMIDITransport<class BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE>* BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE::_bleMidiTransport = nullptr;
BLEDevice* BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE::_central = nullptr;
bool BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE::begin(const char* deviceName, BLEMIDITransport<class BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE>* bleMidiTransport)
{
_bleMidiTransport = bleMidiTransport;
if (!BLE.begin())
return false;
BLE.setLocalName(deviceName);
BLE.setAdvertisedService(midiService);
midiService.addCharacteristic(midiChar);
BLE.addService(midiService);
#ifdef BLE_EVENTS
// assign event handlers for connected, disconnected to peripheral
BLE.setEventHandler(BLEConnected, BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE::blePeripheralConnectHandler);
BLE.setEventHandler(BLEDisconnected, BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE::blePeripheralDisconnectHandler);
midiChar.setEventHandler(BLEWritten, characteristicWritten);
#endif
/* Start advertising BLE. It will start continuously transmitting BLE
advertising packets and will be visible to remote BLE central devices
until it receives a new connection */
// start advertising
BLE.advertise();
return true;
}
/*! \brief Create an instance for nRF52 named <DeviceName>
*/
#define BLEMIDI_CREATE_INSTANCE(DeviceName, Name) \
BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDITransport<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE> BLE##Name(DeviceName); \
MIDI_NAMESPACE::MidiInterface<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDITransport<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE>, MySettings> Name((BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDITransport<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDI_ArduinoBLE> &)BLE##Name);
/*! \brief Create a default instance for nRF52 named BLE-MIDI
*/
#define BLEMIDI_CREATE_DEFAULT_INSTANCE() \
BLEMIDI_CREATE_INSTANCE("BLE-MIDI", MIDI)
END_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE

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#pragma once
// Headers for ESP32 BLE
#include <BLEDevice.h>
#include <BLEUtils.h>
#include <BLEServer.h>
#include <BLE2902.h>
BEGIN_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE
class BLEMIDI_ESP32
{
private:
BLEServer* _server = nullptr;
BLEAdvertising* _advertising = nullptr;
BLECharacteristic* _characteristic = nullptr;
BLEMIDITransport<class BLEMIDI_ESP32>* _bleMidiTransport = nullptr;
friend class MyServerCallbacks;
friend class MyCharacteristicCallbacks;
protected:
QueueHandle_t mRxQueue;
public:
BLEMIDI_ESP32()
{
}
bool begin(const char*, BLEMIDITransport<class BLEMIDI_ESP32>*);
void write(uint8_t* buffer, size_t length)
{
_characteristic->setValue(buffer, length);
_characteristic->notify();
}
bool available(byte* pvBuffer)
{
return xQueueReceive(mRxQueue, pvBuffer, 0); // return immediately when the queue is empty
}
void add(byte value)
{
// called from BLE-MIDI, to add it to a buffer here
xQueueSend(mRxQueue, &value, portMAX_DELAY);
}
protected:
void receive(uint8_t* buffer, size_t length)
{
// parse the incoming buffer
_bleMidiTransport->receive(buffer, length);
}
void connected()
{
if (_bleMidiTransport->_connectedCallback)
_bleMidiTransport->_connectedCallback();
}
void disconnected()
{
if (_bleMidiTransport->_disconnectedCallback)
_bleMidiTransport->_disconnectedCallback();
}
};
class MyServerCallbacks: public BLEServerCallbacks {
public:
MyServerCallbacks(BLEMIDI_ESP32* bluetoothEsp32)
: _bluetoothEsp32(bluetoothEsp32) {
}
protected:
BLEMIDI_ESP32* _bluetoothEsp32 = nullptr;
void onConnect(BLEServer*) {
if (_bluetoothEsp32)
_bluetoothEsp32->connected();
};
void onDisconnect(BLEServer*) {
if (_bluetoothEsp32)
_bluetoothEsp32->disconnected();
}
};
class MyCharacteristicCallbacks: public BLECharacteristicCallbacks {
public:
MyCharacteristicCallbacks(BLEMIDI_ESP32* bluetoothEsp32)
: _bluetoothEsp32(bluetoothEsp32 ) {
}
protected:
BLEMIDI_ESP32* _bluetoothEsp32 = nullptr;
void onWrite(BLECharacteristic * characteristic) {
std::string rxValue = characteristic->getValue();
if (rxValue.length() > 0) {
_bluetoothEsp32->receive((uint8_t *)(rxValue.c_str()), rxValue.length());
}
}
};
bool BLEMIDI_ESP32::begin(const char* deviceName, BLEMIDITransport<class BLEMIDI_ESP32>* bleMidiTransport)
{
_bleMidiTransport = bleMidiTransport;
BLEDevice::init(deviceName);
// To communicate between the 2 cores.
// Core_0 runs here, core_1 runs the BLE stack
mRxQueue = xQueueCreate(64, sizeof(uint8_t)); // TODO Settings::MaxBufferSize
_server = BLEDevice::createServer();
_server->setCallbacks(new MyServerCallbacks(this));
// Create the BLE Service
auto service = _server->createService(BLEUUID(SERVICE_UUID));
// Create a BLE Characteristic
_characteristic = service->createCharacteristic(
BLEUUID(CHARACTERISTIC_UUID),
BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_READ |
BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_WRITE |
BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_NOTIFY |
BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_WRITE_NR
);
// Add CCCD 0x2902 to allow notify
_characteristic->addDescriptor(new BLE2902());
_characteristic->setCallbacks(new MyCharacteristicCallbacks(this));
// Start the service
service->start();
auto advertisementData = BLEAdvertisementData();
advertisementData.setFlags(0x04);
advertisementData.setCompleteServices(BLEUUID(SERVICE_UUID));
advertisementData.setName(deviceName);
// Start advertising
_advertising = _server->getAdvertising();
_advertising->setAdvertisementData(advertisementData);
_advertising->start();
return true;
}
/*! \brief Create an instance for ESP32 named <DeviceName>
*/
#define BLEMIDI_CREATE_INSTANCE(DeviceName, Name) \
BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDITransport<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDI_ESP32> BLE##Name(DeviceName); \
MIDI_NAMESPACE::MidiInterface<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDITransport<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDI_ESP32>, MySettings> Name((BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDITransport<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDI_ESP32> &)BLE##Name);
/*! \brief Create a default instance for ESP32 named BLE-MIDI
*/
#define BLEMIDI_CREATE_DEFAULT_INSTANCE() \
BLEMIDI_CREATE_INSTANCE("BLE-MIDI", MIDI)
END_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE

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#pragma once
// Headers for ESP32 NimBLE
#include <NimBLEDevice.h>
BEGIN_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE
class BLEMIDI_ESP32_NimBLE
{
private:
BLEServer* _server = nullptr;
BLEAdvertising* _advertising = nullptr;
BLECharacteristic* _characteristic = nullptr;
BLEMIDITransport<class BLEMIDI_ESP32_NimBLE>* _bleMidiTransport = nullptr;
friend class MyServerCallbacks;
friend class MyCharacteristicCallbacks;
protected:
QueueHandle_t mRxQueue;
public:
BLEMIDI_ESP32_NimBLE()
{
}
bool begin(const char*, BLEMIDITransport<class BLEMIDI_ESP32_NimBLE>*);
void write(uint8_t* buffer, size_t length)
{
_characteristic->setValue(buffer, length);
_characteristic->notify();
}
bool available(byte* pvBuffer)
{
// return 1 byte from the Queue
return xQueueReceive(mRxQueue, (void*)pvBuffer, 0); // return immediately when the queue is empty
}
void add(byte value)
{
// called from BLE-MIDI, to add it to a buffer here
xQueueSend(mRxQueue, &value, portMAX_DELAY);
}
protected:
void receive(uint8_t* buffer, size_t length)
{
// forward the buffer so it can be parsed
_bleMidiTransport->receive(buffer, length);
}
void connected()
{
if (_bleMidiTransport->_connectedCallback)
_bleMidiTransport->_connectedCallback();
}
void disconnected()
{
if (_bleMidiTransport->_disconnectedCallback)
_bleMidiTransport->_disconnectedCallback();
}
};
class MyServerCallbacks: public BLEServerCallbacks {
public:
MyServerCallbacks(BLEMIDI_ESP32_NimBLE* bluetoothEsp32)
: _bluetoothEsp32(bluetoothEsp32) {
}
protected:
BLEMIDI_ESP32_NimBLE* _bluetoothEsp32 = nullptr;
void onConnect(BLEServer*) {
if (_bluetoothEsp32)
_bluetoothEsp32->connected();
};
void onDisconnect(BLEServer*) {
if (_bluetoothEsp32)
_bluetoothEsp32->disconnected();
}
};
class MyCharacteristicCallbacks: public BLECharacteristicCallbacks {
public:
MyCharacteristicCallbacks(BLEMIDI_ESP32_NimBLE* bluetoothEsp32)
: _bluetoothEsp32(bluetoothEsp32 ) {
}
protected:
BLEMIDI_ESP32_NimBLE* _bluetoothEsp32 = nullptr;
void onWrite(BLECharacteristic * characteristic) {
std::string rxValue = characteristic->getValue();
if (rxValue.length() > 0) {
_bluetoothEsp32->receive((uint8_t *)(rxValue.c_str()), rxValue.length());
}
}
};
bool BLEMIDI_ESP32_NimBLE::begin(const char* deviceName, BLEMIDITransport<class BLEMIDI_ESP32_NimBLE>* bleMidiTransport)
{
_bleMidiTransport = bleMidiTransport;
BLEDevice::init(deviceName);
// To communicate between the 2 cores.
// Core_0 runs here, core_1 runs the BLE stack
mRxQueue = xQueueCreate(64, sizeof(uint8_t)); // TODO Settings::MaxBufferSize
_server = BLEDevice::createServer();
_server->setCallbacks(new MyServerCallbacks(this));
// Create the BLE Service
auto service = _server->createService(BLEUUID(SERVICE_UUID));
// Create a BLE Characteristic
_characteristic = service->createCharacteristic(
BLEUUID(CHARACTERISTIC_UUID),
NIMBLE_PROPERTY::READ |
NIMBLE_PROPERTY::WRITE |
NIMBLE_PROPERTY::NOTIFY |
NIMBLE_PROPERTY::WRITE_NR
);
_characteristic->setCallbacks(new MyCharacteristicCallbacks(this));
// Start the service
service->start();
auto advertisementData = BLEAdvertisementData();
advertisementData.setFlags(0x04);
advertisementData.setCompleteServices(BLEUUID(SERVICE_UUID));
advertisementData.setName(deviceName);
// Start advertising
_advertising = _server->getAdvertising();
_advertising->setAdvertisementData(advertisementData);
_advertising->start();
return true;
}
/*! \brief Create an instance for ESP32 named <DeviceName>
*/
#define BLEMIDI_CREATE_INSTANCE(DeviceName, Name) \
BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDITransport<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDI_ESP32_NimBLE> BLE##Name(DeviceName); \
MIDI_NAMESPACE::MidiInterface<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDITransport<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDI_ESP32_NimBLE>, MySettings> Name((BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDITransport<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDI_ESP32_NimBLE> &)BLE##Name);
/*! \brief Create a default instance for ESP32 named BLE-MIDI
*/
#define BLEMIDI_CREATE_DEFAULT_INSTANCE() \
BLEMIDI_CREATE_INSTANCE("BLE-MIDI", MIDI)
END_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE

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#pragma once
#include <bluefruit.h>
BEGIN_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE
class BLEMIDI_nRF52
{
private:
BLEDis bledis;
BLEMidi blemidi;
BLEMIDITransport<class BLEMIDI_nRF52>* _bleMidiTransport;
friend class MyServerCallbacks;
friend class MyCharacteristicCallbacks;
public:
BLEMIDI_nRF52()
{
}
bool begin(const char*, BLEMIDITransport<class BLEMIDI_nRF52>*);
void write(uint8_t* buffer, size_t length)
{
}
bool available(byte* pvBuffer)
{
return false;
}
void add(byte value)
{
}
protected:
void receive(uint8_t* buffer, size_t length)
{
}
void connected()
{
if (_bleMidiTransport->_connectedCallback)
_bleMidiTransport->_connectedCallback();
}
void disconnected()
{
if (_bleMidiTransport->_disconnectedCallback)
_bleMidiTransport->_disconnectedCallback();
}
};
bool BLEMIDI_nRF52::begin(const char* deviceName, BLEMIDITransport<class BLEMIDI_nRF52>* bleMidiTransport)
{
_bleMidiTransport = bleMidiTransport;
// Config the peripheral connection with maximum bandwidth
// more SRAM required by SoftDevice
// Note: All config***() function must be called before begin()
Bluefruit.configPrphBandwidth(BANDWIDTH_MAX);
Bluefruit.begin();
Bluefruit.setName(deviceName);
Bluefruit.setTxPower(4); // Check bluefruit.h for supported values
// Setup the on board blue LED to be enabled on CONNECT
Bluefruit.autoConnLed(true);
// Configure and Start Device Information Service
bledis.setManufacturer("Adafruit Industries");
bledis.setModel("Bluefruit Feather52");
bledis.begin();
// Start advertising ----------------------------
// Set General Discoverable Mode flag
Bluefruit.Advertising.addFlags(BLE_GAP_ADV_FLAGS_LE_ONLY_GENERAL_DISC_MODE);
// Advertise TX Power
Bluefruit.Advertising.addTxPower();
// Advertise BLE MIDI Service
Bluefruit.Advertising.addService(blemidi);
// Secondary Scan Response packet (optional)
// Since there is no room for 'Name' in Advertising packet
Bluefruit.ScanResponse.addName();
/* Start Advertising
* - Enable auto advertising if disconnected
* - Interval: fast mode = 20 ms, slow mode = 152.5 ms
* - Timeout for fast mode is 30 seconds
* - Start(timeout) with timeout = 0 will advertise forever (until connected)
*
* For recommended advertising interval
* https://developer.apple.com/library/content/qa/qa1931/_index.html
*/
Bluefruit.Advertising.restartOnDisconnect(true);
Bluefruit.Advertising.setInterval(32, 244); // in unit of 0.625 ms
Bluefruit.Advertising.setFastTimeout(30); // number of seconds in fast mode
Bluefruit.Advertising.start(0); // 0 = Don't stop advertising after n seconds
return true;
}
/*! \brief Create an instance for nRF52 named <DeviceName>
*/
#define BLEMIDI_CREATE_INSTANCE(DeviceName, Name) \
BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDITransport<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDI_nRF52> BLE##Name(DeviceName); \
MIDI_NAMESPACE::MidiInterface<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDITransport<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDI_nRF52>, MySettings> Name((BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDITransport<BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BLEMIDI_nRF52> &)BLE##Name);
/*! \brief Create a default instance for nRF52 named BLE-MIDI
*/
#define BLEMIDI_CREATE_DEFAULT_INSTANCE() \
BLEMIDI_CREATE_INSTANCE("BLE-MIDI", MIDI)
END_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE

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src/utility/BleMidi_Defs.h
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#pragma once
#include "BleMidi_Namespace.h"
#if ARDUINO
#include <Arduino.h>
#else
#include <inttypes.h>
typedef uint8_t byte;
#endif
BEGIN_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE
/*! \brief Create an instance of the library
*/
#define BLEMIDI_CREATE_INSTANCE(Name) \
BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BleMidiInterface Name;
/*! \brief Create an instance of the library
*/
#define BLEMIDI_CREATE_CLIENT_INSTANCE(Name) \
BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE::BleMidiInterfaceClient Name;
/*! \brief
*/
#define BLEMIDI_CREATE_DEFAULT_INSTANCE() \
BLEMIDI_CREATE_INSTANCE(bm);
END_BLEMIDI_NAMESPACE

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src/utility/BleMidi_Settings.h
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#pragma once
#include "BleMidi_Namespace.h"
//#define DEBUG
#define RELEASE
#if defined(RELEASE)
#define RELEASE_BUILD
#undef DEBUG_BUILD
#endif
#if defined(DEBUG)
#define DEBUG_BUILD
#undef RELEASE_BUILD
#endif
#if defined(RELEASE_BUILD)
#undef BLEMIDI_DEBUG
#undef BLEMIDI_DEBUG_VERBOSE
#endif
#if defined(DEBUG_BUILD)
#define BLEMIDI_DEBUG 1
#undef BLEMIDI_DEBUG_VERBOSE
#define BLEMIDI_DEBUG_PARSING
#endif